Unit 78
Digital
graphics for computer games.
Artistic
style
·
Photo
realism
Photo realism is where developers try to create graphics that looks so
life like that it looks like a photo. This has become a more recent trend with
games as graphics have improved so much in recent years. Some good examples of
these types of games would be: Far Cry2 and GTA.
·
Cel
shading
Cel shading is when the texture of an object is made to look like a comic
book or a hand drawn image using flat colours. Some examples of Cel shading
games include: Borderlands and the walking dead.
·
Abstract
Abstract often employs a lot of lines and geometric shapes that don’t
resemble any real life object. For example, Geometry wars, a game which uses
nothing but lines and geometric shapes. Another good example of an abstract
style game is Tetris.
·
Exaggeration
Exaggeration art style is used in many anime or manga games and is
designed to be over the top. The images are expressed more highly then normal
games. Some good examples are: Final Fantasy and Pokémon.
Pixel
Pixel: “A
pixel is a point sample. It exists only at a point. For a colour
picture, a pixel might actually contain three samples, one for each primary
colour contributing to the picture at the sampling point.” – Alvy Ray Smith
Image
resolution: Resolution is the quality of the image. As the resolution goes up
the image becomes clearer. It becomes sharper, more defined, and more detailed.
Your computer laptop and smartphone both have image resolutions. The more
pixels you can fit into the width and height of the screen, the higher the
resolution. The less pixels, the lower the resolution. You will have to
consider image resolution as when importing to another software e.g. in game
maker it may not be the size you want, therefore you have to know what
resolutions you are going to use.
Computer game graphics
3D isometric sprites: 3D isometric sprites are 2D sprites
that give the impression of depth, posed in 3D. They are still used in games
today normally on foliage (as you play games the grass and leaves on trees turn
to face you to give the impression of depth)
2D Sprites: With
mobile devices and casual gaming becoming more and more popular the classic 2D
games return .As well as the programs that can create said indie games, there
are several mainstream games as well. These famous game series like Fire Emblem,
Pokémon, and other handheld system games tend to use these more for the same
reasons that mobile devices such as tablets and cell phones do. It saves on
memory so it allows for more content, effects, music, and story to be added
into the chip or cartridge.
Concept art: A concept artist usually uses
traditional materials (e.g. pen and paper) rather than computer software.
Concept artist sketches idea’s for the game worlds, characters, objects,
vehicles, etc. A game concept starts
with an idea, a simple sketch of the main character and maybe a baddie.
Texture art: A texture artist is an individual
who develops textures for digital media, usually for video games, movies and
television shows. These textures can be in the form of 2D or 3D art. The
textures artist main job is to create photorealistic textures. Texture
artists use a variety of software and platforms to create textures for
environments, characters, objects, and props for video games.
Compression
The object
of image and file compression is to reduce irrelevance of the data in order to
be able to store or transmit data in an efficient form.
Optimising
For imagery,
optimisation involves choosing a suitable graphic compression format.
Compression reduces the image file size and consequently the time it takes to
download and display in a browser. Common compression types include GIF, TIFF
and JPEG. Many compression formats reduce file size by removing information
from the image.
Rasta Images
TIFF images
create very large file sizes. TIFF images are uncompressed therefor contain a
lot of detailed image data.
JPEG files
are images that have been compressed to store a lot of information in a small
size file. Most digital cameras store photos in JPEG format, because then you
can take more photos on one camera card then you can with other formats. A JPEG
is compressed in a way that loses some of the image detail during the
compression in order to make the file smaller.
GIF format
compresses images but, as different from JPEG, there is no detail lost in the
compression, but the file can’t be made as small as a JPEG. GIF also has an
extremely limited colour range suitable for the web but not for printing. GIF
can also be used for animations.
Image
capture
Image
capture is an application program from Apple that enables users to upload
pictures from digital cameras which are either connected directly to the
computer or network.
Storage of image assets
Storage of
image assets is a very useful way to store things like textures, graphics and
text styles so that others can easily access them and assets. This is very
useful in the game industry as most companies have lots of different teams who
all need to access the same stuff. Being able to transfer files between
colleges really speeds up production as you don’t need to wait around for files
to transfer.